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18 |
本课程紧扣当今公共卫生重大现实问题、理论问题和方法学，以加强博士生研究思维和基础能力为目标，首先以世界上三次大的疫情及其防控为背景，介绍新冠疫情下疾病预防控制体系改革的历史性、必要性和重要性，以及改革策略和核心要素；其次通过对基层卫生技术人员激励理论构建、路径理论构建和应用、反馈循环理论等内容的介绍，思考如何通过理论创新，提升公共卫生研究的水平和应用性；第三是围绕实验和非实验研究设计和方法学进展，系统介绍与公共卫生研究紧密相关的研究方法进展，以跟踪国际公共卫生管理法学前沿。 |
This course is closely related to the major practical, theoretical and methodological issues of public health, which aims to strengthen doctoral research thinking and ability. First of all, the course introduces the history, necessity and importance of the reform of the disease prevention and control system, as well as the reform strategies and core elements in the context of the three major epidemics in the world and their prevention and control. Secondly, through the introduction of motivation theory construction, path theory construction and application, feedback loop theory and other contents of basic health technicians, the course thinks about how to improve the level and application of public health research through theoretical innovation. Finally, the course focuses on the development of experimental and non-experimental research design and methodology, systematically introducing the development of research methods closely related to public health research, in order to track the frontiers of international public health management law. |
刘晓云 |
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| 1.5 |
27 |
卫生人力资源是卫生系统中最重要的资源之一。卫生系统的其他财力和物力资源都需要通过人力资源才能转化成有效的卫生服务。医改中的众多政策也同样需要广大医务工作者的辛勤努力，才能有效地改善卫生服务的可及性、公平性和质量，最终提高居民的健康状况。卫生人力资源的开发和研究是一项极具挑战性的任务。本课程将从卫生系统和卫生政策的角度，讨论和分析卫生人力资源规划、劳动力市场、绩效管理、与医改整体策略的衔接等重要内容。 |
Health human resources are one of the most important resources in the health system. Other health resources of the health system need to be transformed into effective health services through human resources. Many policies in health system reform need the hard work of the health workers, so as to effectively improve the accessibility, equity and quality of health services, and finally improve the health status of residents. The development and research of health human resources is a very challenging task. From the perspective of health system and health policy, this course will discuss and analyze health human resource planning, labor market, performance management and the integration with the overall strategy of health system reform. |
刘晓云 |
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| 1.5 |
28 |
经济学对于研究人类行为非常有价值。健康需求是人类健康行为的基础。这门课应用经济学理论和方法来研究人类健康行为。市场在医疗卫生资源分配中起到重要作用，但是政府也主动地参与到医疗卫生体系中。经济学分析不仅研究在医疗卫生服务市场中的个体健康行为，也分析政府关于对于医疗卫生服务的需求和供给效应。健康保险在整个医疗卫生服务市场中起到最为关键的作用，同时也带来了卫生经济学重要的研究领域。医生行为同时影响医疗卫生服务的数量和质量。 |
Economics is a valuable tool to study human behaviors. Demand for health is a foundation of human health behaviors. This course applies economic theories and methods to analyze human health behaviors. Market plays the most important role in the health resource allocations, but governments also actively participate in health care systems. Economic analyses not only study individual health behaviors in the health care markets, but also analyze the government interventions and their effects on demand and supply of health care services. Health insurance plays a key role in the entire health care systems, which brings very important study areas of health economics. Physician behaviors affects the quantity and quality of health care services. |
方海 |
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| 1.5 |
27 |
健康影响评估（HIA）是一个结构化的过程，通过它可以评估政策、计划或项目对健康的影响。本课程将涵盖健康影响评估的过程、理论背景、历史和应用。学生将有机会通过进行健康影响评估的步骤来获得实践经验。本课程适合希望获得健康影响评估基础知识的学生，并有机会对特定概念进行更详细的研究。通过该课程学习，学生能够：1）使用 HIA 术语和概念，解释 HIA 的流程和可能的应用；2）描述 HIA 在改善人群健康和健康公平方面的作用； 3）能够利用定量和定性方法开展 HIA；4）评估已完成的 HIA效果。 |
Health Impact Assessment: Principles and Practice
Description
Health impact assessment is a structured process by which the impacts of policies, programs or projects on health can be assessed. This course will cover the process of health impact assessment, its theoretical background, history and applications. Students will have an opportunity to gain practical experience by undertaking steps of health impact assessment. This course is suitable for students who wish to gain a basic grounding in health impact assessment, with opportunities for more detailed investigation of specific concepts.
Course aim
The overall aim of this course is to provide a basic understanding of health impact assessment (HIA) and for students to experience aspects of health impact assessment practice.
Course Outcomes
Using HIA terms and concepts, you should be able to:
Explain HIA’s process and possible applications.
Describe HIA’s roles in improving health and health equity in populations.
Critically evaluate completed HIAs and HIA concepts and principles.
Reflect on how HIA relates to your knowledge and experience of public health practice.
Apply knowledge gained in the course to undertake the screening and scoping steps of an HIA.
Distinguish situations where HIA could/should be used and where it should not.
Learning and teaching rationale
This course has been designed with HIA practice in mind. As such the learning activities that have been developed link to, and reflect on, HIA practice. The structure of the course reflects this involving using a case study as the basis for students to experience and explore the HIA process. The assignments also allow for students to use the knowledge gained in the course and apply that to an area of professional or personal interest.
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何平 |
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| 1.5 |
28 |
这是一门应用研究方法课程，主要为使用计量经济学方法研究卫生政策与管理的研究问题提供基础。本课程的目标是设计一项研究，以评估卫生政策、医疗卫生服务和人口健康相关领域的研究问题。本课程的重点是培养学生在各种卫生健康外部环境下应用定量评估方法的能力，并考虑研究设计潜在的优缺点。通过该课程的学习，学生将熟悉过去三十年中利用计量学进行定量政策评估的历史演变，从主要关注评估的有效性（即内部有效性）到可行性、范围、成本和可持续性背景下考虑有效性的更平衡的方法（即外部有效性）。同时，本课程将利用Stata和R软件，结合微观调查数据，对主要定量政策评估方法进行演示和讲解，使学生能够基本掌握定量评估方法的运用。 |
This is an applied research methods course. It mainly provides a foundation for using econometric methods to investigate research questions in health policy and management. The objective of this course is to design a research study to evaluate research questions in the areas of health policy, medical care, population health, health services research or related areas. A primary focus of the course will be on developing students’ ability to apply various evaluation methodologies most appropriate to a variety of settings both within and outside of health care and public health and consider the advantages and disadvantages of potential designs. Students will also become familiar with the shift in the field of evaluation over the past decade from a principal focus on program efficacy (i.e., internal validity) to a more balanced approach considering efficacy in the context of feasibility, reach, cost, and sustainability (i.e., external validity) and evaluation designs that have emerged as a result (e.g., pragmatic and adaptive trials). |
何平 |
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| 2 |
36 |
卫生政策和系统研究（HPSR）已成为决策者和研究者关注的关键问题。
根据世界卫生组织（WHO），卫生系统是以改善健康为主要目的的所有组织、机制和资源的总和。卫生政策可以定义为“为在社会中实现特定卫生保健目标而作出的决定、计划和行动”。许多中低收入国家一直在进行全面的卫生系统改革，正在规划、实施和评估新的卫生政策。这些政策涉及卫生系统的各个方面。了解卫生系统和卫生政策过程的全球背景，以及本国卫生系统的主要特征和变化。本课程旨在帮助学员获得这种理解和分析能力。 |
Health Policy and System Research (HPSR) has become a key issue for both policy makers and researchers. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), a health system is the sum total of all the organizations, institutions and resources whose primary purpose is to improve health. Health policy can be defined as the "decisions, plans, and actions that are undertaken to achieve specific health care goals within a society”. Many low- and middle-income countries have been undertaking overall health system reforms. New health policies are being planned, implemented, and evaluated. These policies touch every aspect of a health system. Understanding the global context of health system and health policy process, as well as the key characteristics and changes of health systems in your home country. This course aims to assist participants to obtain this understanding and analytical techniques. |
刘晓云,许雅君 |
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| 2 |
36 |
卫生经济学也称健康经济学，是运用经济学原理来研究医疗卫生领域经济问题的一门学科。健康需求是卫生经济学研究的基础，卫生经济学解释人们如何在卫生健康行为和医疗卫生服务使用方面进行决策。资源的稀缺性为经济学理论提供了一个研究基础。卫生经济学提供了一个框架来思考社会如何分配有限的资源来以满足对于医疗卫生服务、健康促进和预防的需求。卫生经济学主要从效率的角度来解决稀缺性，即最大化可获得资源的效益，但是也承认资源分配的公平性问题。 |
Health economics is the discipline of economics applied to the topic of health care. Demand for health is the foundation, and health economics uses economic concepts and methods to understand and explain how people make decisions regarding their health behaviors and use of health care. Scarcity of resources provides the foundation of economic theory. Health economics provides a framework for thinking about how society should allocate its limited health resources to meet people’s demand/need for health care services, health promotion and prevention. Health economics addresses scarcity primarily from the perspective of efficiency—maximizing the benefits from available resources, but equity concerns are also recognized as a fair distribution of resources. |
方海,许雅君 |
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| 1 |
18 |
卫生服务研究是一个多学科交叉的科学研究领域，包括研究社会因素、融资体系、组织结构和过程、医疗技术，以及个人行为对卫生服务可及性、成本和质量的影响，最终影响健康与福利；卫生服务研究对象包括个人、家庭、组织、机构、社区和人群。卫生服务研究是社会医学和卫生事业管理学科的一个重要内容和研究领域，是一个需要长期研究的主题。本课程的设置旨在系统性地介绍卫生服务研究的理论基础、我国和国际卫生服务研究的发展历史和代表性的调查、卫生服务研究设计和研究方法，以及卫生服务研究的应用。 |
Health services research (HSR) was defined as “the multidisciplinary field of scientific investigation that studies how social factors, financing systems, organizational structures and processes, health technologies, and personal behaviors affect access to health care, the quality and cost of health care, and ultimately our health and well-being”. HSR domains are individuals, families, organizations, institutions, communities, and populations. HSR provides the foundation for progress, effectiveness, and values in health care and play a great role in health services and policy area. This course will provide a hands-on introduction to the field of HSR researches and introduce students to the development of HSR and a variety of tools useful in conducting HSR and using HSR findings as well as the National Health Services Survey in China. Upon successful completion of the course, the students should gain the basic understanding of different HSR research designs and be familiar with the interdisciplinary aspects of the HSR community. |
祝贺 |
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| 1 |
18 |
建立完善卫生服务体系是提高全民健康水平的重要途径。我国“十四五”规划中提出优质高效医疗卫生服务体系实施方案，如何实现“优质高效”并评估方案的成效则是卫生服务研究的重要课题。本课程围绕卫生服务铁三角要素及决定因素，系统性介绍其测量指标、方法及应用，强调卫生服务研究的科学严谨性。课程旨在帮助学生深化对卫生服务核心概念内涵与外沿的理解，夯实本科学基本技能，拓宽科研思路，从而完成高质量的研究。本课程主要讲授卫生服务研究测量方法，共6周，基本安排如下：1.卫生服务研究测量基础、可及性 2.成本 3.结构与过程质量 4.结果质量 5.卫生服务机构特征 6.研究设计汇报与讨论。考核方式：考勤+1次课堂展示。 |
Improving health care systems is a critical pathway to enhancing population health. China has proposed an implementation plan of creating a high-quality and efficient health care system in the 14th 5-year plan, and how to achieve the goal and evaluate whether we succeed are in the realm of health services research (HSR). This course centers on the components of the iron triangle of health care and their determinants, systematically introduces measurements, methods, and applications related to these constructs, and emphasizes scientific rigor of the discipline. The course aims to help students deepen the understanding of core HSR concepts, sharpen basic skills, broaden their horizons in research, so that they can accomplish high-quality research. This course mainly covers various measurements in HSR in 6 weeks, including 1.basics in measurements and health care access 2.health care costs 3.structural and process quality 4.outcome quality 5.characteristics of health care organizations 6.Final project presentation and discussion. Performance evaluation: attendance + presentation. |
汪洋 |
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| 1 |
18 |
在过去二十年中，卫生政策与管理的定量方法发展迅速。特别是近十年来，得益于卫生经济学、发展经济学等相关领域方法学的成熟，为研究卫生政策的影响评估提供了强大的分在过去二十年中，卫生政策与管理的定量方法发展迅速。特别是近十年来，得益于卫生经济学、发展经济学等相关领域方法学的成熟，为研究卫生政策的影响评估提供了强大的分析工作。作为卫生政策与管理的定量方法的进阶课程，本课程聚焦因果推断的核心方法即实验研究（RCT），结合国际上对于实施科学、行为经济学和机器学习理论的效果评价的最近进展，面向博士生和高年级硕士生开设。要求学生先修《卫生政策与管理研究定量方法（1）》和《卫生政策与管理研究定量方法（2）》。 |
In the past two decades, quantitative methods of health policy and management have developed rapidly. Especially in the past decade, built on the development in health economics, development economics and other related fields, it has provided a powerful toolbox for the study of impact assessment of health policies. As an advanced course of quantitative methods of health policy and management, this course focuses on the core method of causal inference, namely experimental research (RCT). Combined with the recent progress in the implementation of science, behavioral economics and treatment effect with machine learning, this course is for doctoral and senior master students. Students are required to take the basic courses of methodology in Quantitative methods of health policy and management research I and Quantitative methods of health policy and management research II. |
马晓晨 |
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| 1 |
18 |
建设优质高效的医疗卫生服务体系、应对卫生服务领域发展的不平衡和不充分是我国建设健康中国、实现共同富裕的重要内涵，需要利用先进方法、开展科学的研究。同时，卫生服务研究在国内外迅速兴起。本课程吸收国际一流大学相关学科的教学设计，讲授卫生服务研究的关键命题和前沿方法。以医疗大数据背景下的研究应用为导向，以经典和前沿研究文献为素材，主要讲授卫生体系与服务的公平与效率相关概念知识、方法和应用。本课程共六周，每周3学时。考核方式为：考勤、课堂讨论、课程作业和汇报。 |
Building a high-quality and efficient medical and health service system and addressing the unbalanced and inadequate development of the health sector is an important challenge for China in achieving its vision of a “Healthy China” and common prosperity. It requires rigorous studies using state-of-the-art research methods. At the same time, health services research is rapidly emerging at home and abroad. Drawing from the teaching design of relevant disciplines at world-class universities, this course teaches critical topics and frontier methods in health services research. It is oriented to applied research in the era of big data in health. Using classic and frontier studies and texts as teaching materials, the course covers research methods on equity and efficiency of health services, and mixed methods research which represents the unique nature of health services research and its development trend, and discusses the application of key knowledge and methods using the performance measurement and assessment of primary health care—the key focus of health system strengthening—as a case study. This course is six weeks in total and 3 hours per week. The assessment methods are: attendance, class discussion, coursework and report. |
徐进 |
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| 1 |
18 |
本课程将系统介绍高质量文献综述中如何进行原始文献文本资料的整合、定性研究的整合、定量和定性研究混合整合。具体包括以下内容：多种综述题目的界定，多种原始研究的检索方法和文献筛选，文献管理工具使用，定性研究、混合研究和描述性研究的原始研究质量评价，多种类型原始研究数据提取，多种类型原始研究中文本的提取，原始研究结果定性整合，定量和定性原始研究的混着整合，文献综述报告规范和发表。 |
This course will systematically introduce the criteria, procedures, and methods for conducting a qualified literature review, including the methods and applications of the following steps: definition of review topics, databases sources and search methods, study selection and use of literature management sofeware, methodology quality evaluation of original research, data extraction, qualitative synthesis method, quantitative synthesis method, report guideline of literature review. |
袁蓓蓓 |
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| 1 |
18 |
伤害是威胁人类健康和生命的一类重要的公共卫生问题，每年导致全世界超过五百万人的死亡及大量的就医、住院及残疾。了解常见的伤害类型，并进行针对性的预防和控制具有广泛的社会和经济影响。伤害防控在国际及国内均是较为新兴学科，相关研究及干预尚有很多空白。同时，北京大学公共卫生学院仍缺乏相关课程。本课程聚焦常见伤害类型的流行病学特征，结合国际上近五年相关领域的最新研究进展及方法，系统概述不同伤害类型的预防及控制措施，为进一步的伤害干预研究提供理论知识和研究思路。建议学生预修《流行病学研究方法》。 |
Injury represents a significant public health concern that threatens human health and life. Each year, it results in the deaths of over five million people worldwide, leading to a substantial number of hospitalizations, medical treatments, and disabilities. Understanding common categorical injuries and implementing targeted prevention and control measures have broad societal and economic implications. Injury prevention and control is a relatively new discipline both internationally and domestically, with many gaps in research and interventions yet to be addressed. There is a lack of relevant courses at the Peking University School of Public Health. This course aims to fill this gap by focusing on the epidemiological characteristics of common injury types. Drawing upon the latest research advancements and methodologies in the field over the past five years, the course systematically outlines preventive and control measures for various injury types, aiming to provide theoretical knowledge and research insights for further studies in injury interventions. It is recommended for students to have prior knowledge in 'Epidemiological Research Methods.'" |
姚尧 |
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